eld/abbrevs/eld-abbrevs0.html

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<title>Abbreviations of An Elementary Latin Dictionary</title>
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<H1>LATIN AUTHORS CITED IN THIS DICTIONARY, WITH THE ABBREVIATIONS USED.</H1>
<dt>Cs.</dt><dd><p>Caesar, C. Julius</p></dd>
<dt>C.</dt><dd><p>Cicero, M. Tullius<br>But every citation not followed by a reference to another writer is from Cicero.</p></dd>
<dt>Cu.</dt><dd><p>Q. Curtius Rufus</p></dd>
<dt>H.</dt><dd><p>Q. Horatius Flaccus</p></dd>
<dt>Iu.</dt><dd><p>D. Iunius Iuvenalis</p></dd>
<dt>L.</dt><dd><p>T. Livius</p></dd>
<dt>N.</dt><dd><p>Cornelius Nepos</p></dd>
<dt>O.</dt><dd><p>P. Ovidius Naso</p></dd>
<dt>S.</dt><dd><p>C. Sallustius Crispus</p></dd>
<dt>Ta.</dt><dd><p>C. Cornelius Tacitus</p></dd>
<dt>T.</dt><dd><p>P. Terentius Afer</p></dd>
<dt>V.</dt><dd><p>P. Vergilius Maro</p></dd>
<p>
&SP4;The abbreviation ap. (for apud) may be read <i>quoted by.</i> Thus, &#x2018;Enn. ap. C.&#x2019; means that the passage cited is found in a quotation by Cicero from Ennius.
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<H1>OTHER ABBREVIATIONS.</H1>
<dt><i>acc.</i></dt><dd><p>accusative.</p></dd>
<dt><i>act.</i></dt><dd><p>active.</p></dd>
<dt><i>abl.</i></dt><dd><p>ablative.</p></dd>
<dt><i>absol.</i></dt><dd><p>absolute. i.e. without object.</p></dd>
<dt><i>adj.</i></dt><dd><p>adjective.</p></dd>
<dt><i>adv.</i></dt><dd><p>adverb.</p></dd>
<dt>Angl.Sax.</dt><dd><p>Anglo-Saxon.</p></dd>
<dt>cf.</dt><dd><p>confer (compare).</p></dd>
<dt>class.</dt><dd><p>classical, i.e. in the best prose.</p></dd>
<dt>collat.</dt><dd><p>collateral.</p></dd>
<dt><i>comp.</i></dt><dd><p>comparative.</p></dd>
<dt><i>conj.</i></dt><dd><p>conjunction.</p></dd>
<dt><i>dat.</i></dt><dd><p>dative.</p></dd>
<dt><i>dem.</i> or <i>demonst.</i></dt><dd><p>demonstrative.</p></dd>
<dt><i>dep.</i></dt><dd><p>deponent.</p></dd>
<dt><i>dim.</i></dt><dd><p>diminutive.</p></dd>
<dt>disyl.</dt><dd><p>dissyllabic.</p></dd>
<dt>dub.</dt><dd><p>doubtful.</p></dd>
<dt>e.g.</dt><dd><p>exempl&#x12b; grati&#x101; (for instance).</p></dd>
<dt>ellipt.</dt><dd><p>elliptically.</p></dd>
<dt>Engl.</dt><dd><p>English.</p></dd>
<dt>esp.</dt><dd><p>especially.</p></dd>
<dt>etc.</dt><dd><p>et cetera.</p></dd>
<dt><i>f.</i> or <i>fem.</i></dt><dd><p>feminine.</p></dd>
<dt>fig.</dt><dd><p>figuratively.</p></dd>
<dt>fin.</dt><dd><p>at the end.</p></dd>
<dt>Fr.</dt><dd><p>French.</p></dd>
<dt><i>freq.</i></dt><dd><p>frequent, frequentative.</p></dd>
<dt><i>fut.</i></dt><dd><p>future.</p></dd>
<dt><i>gen.</i></dt><dd><p>genitive.</p></dd>
<dt>gen.</dt><dd><p>general.</p></dd>
<dt>Germ.</dt><dd><p>German.</p></dd>
<dt>Gr.</dt><dd><p>Greek.</p></dd>
<dt>i.e.</dt><dd><p>id est.</p></dd>
<dt><i>imper.</i></dt><dd><p>imperative.</p></dd>
<dt><i>imperf.</i></dt><dd><p>imperfect.</p></dd>
<dt><i>impers.</i></dt><dd><p>impersonal.</p></dd>
<dt><i>inch.</i></dt><dd><p>inchoative.</p></dd>
<dt><i>indecl.</i></dt><dd><p>indeclinable.</p></dd>
<dt>indef.</dt><dd><p>indefinite.</p></dd>
<dt><i>ind.</i> or <i>indic.</i></dt><dd><p>indicative.</p></dd>
<dt><i>inf.</i></dt><dd><p>infinitive.</p></dd>
<dt><i>intens.</i></dt><dd><p>intensive.</p></dd>
<dt>interrog.</dt><dd><p>interrogatively.</p></dd>
<dt><i>intrans.</i></dt><dd><p>intransitive.</p></dd>
<dt>Lat.</dt><dd><p>Latin.</p></dd>
<dt>late.</dt><dd><p>in writers after Livy.</p></dd>
<dt>lit.</dt><dd><p>literally.</p></dd>
<dt><i>m.</i></dt><dd><p>masculine.</p></dd>
<dt>meton.</dt><dd><p>metonymy.</p></dd>
<dt><i>n.</i> or <i>neut.</i></dt><dd><p>neuter.</p></dd>
<dt><i>neg.</i></dt><dd><p>negatively.</p></dd>
<dt><i>nom.</i></dt><dd><p>nominative.</p></dd>
<dt><i>num.</i></dt><dd><p>numerical.</p></dd>
<dt><i>obj.</i></dt><dd><p>object.</p></dd>
<dt>old.</dt><dd><p>in writers before Cicero.</p></dd>
<dt>opp.</dt><dd><p>opposed to.</p></dd>
<dt>orig.</dt><dd><p>originally.</p></dd>
<dt><i>P.</i> or <i>part.</i></dt><dd><p>participle.</p></dd>
<dt><i>pass.</i></dt><dd><p>passive.</p></dd>
<dt><i>perf.</i></dt><dd><p>perfect.</p></dd>
<dt>perh.</dt><dd><p>perhaps.</p></dd>
<dt><i>plur.</i></dt><dd><p>plural.</p></dd>
<dt>pleonast.</dt><dd><p>pleonastically.</p></dd>
<dt>poet.</dt><dd><p>poetical, poetically.</p></dd>
<dt><i>posit.</i></dt><dd><p>positive.</p></dd>
<dt><i>praep.</i></dt><dd><p>preposition.</p></dd>
<dt>praegn.</dt><dd><p>pregnant, pregnantly.</p></dd>
<dt><i>praes.</i></dt><dd><p>present.</p></dd>
<dt>prob.</dt><dd><p>probably.</p></dd>
<dt><i>pron.</i></dt><dd><p>pronoun.</p></dd>
<dt>prop.</dt><dd><p>in a proper or original sense.</p></dd>
<dt>prov.</dt><dd><p>proverb.</p></dd>
<dt>proverb.</dt><dd><p>proverbially.</p></dd>
<dt><i>rel.</i></dt><dd><p>relative.</p></dd>
<dt>res p.</dt><dd><p>res publica.</p></dd>
<dt><i>subj.</i></dt><dd><p>subjunctive.</p></dd>
<dt><i>subst.</i></dt><dd><p>substantive.</p></dd>
<dt><i>sup.</i></dt><dd><p>superlative.</p></dd>
<dt>syn.</dt><dd><p>synonym.</p></dd>
<dt>trisyl.</dt><dd><p>trisyllable.</p></dd>
<dt>usu.</dt><dd><p>usually.</p></dd>
<dt>v.</dt><dd><p>vide.</p></dd>
<dt><i>voc.</i></dt><dd><p>vocative.</p></dd>

<dt>*</dt><dd><p>An asterisk before a word means that it is not found in use, but is assumed to account for some derived form.</p></dd>
<dt>[]</dt><dd><p>Remarks in square brackets relate to etymology. Forms printed in capitals are references to the Table of Roots at the end of the volume.</p></dd>
<dt>=</dt><dd><p>The sign of equality before a Greek word means that the preceding Latin word is borrowed form that form in Greek.</p></dd>
<dt>( . . . )</dt><dd><p>A form in the vocabulary is enclosed in a parenthesis to show, if a substantive in the nominative case, that it is used only in other cases; if an adjective, that it is not used in the positive degree; if a verb, that it is not used in the present system. Forms of incorrect orthography, found in some school-books, are enclosed in parentheses, with reference to the correct form.</p></dd>
<dt>&#x2014;</dt><dd><p>A dash in place of the genitive of a substantive, or of one of the principal parts of a verb, indicates that this case or this system is not in classical use.</p></dd>
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