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<H1>PREFACE</H1>
<p>THE project of compiling a Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome 
had for many years been in the mind of the late Professor Platner, and 
before the Great War he had already invited my collaboration. Whereas, 
however, I was unable at that time to take any share in its preparation, 
he, having been rejected for service in Europe on grounds of health, despite 
repeated attempts to take an active part in the war, even before the entry 
of the United States, applied himself to the task with characteristic energy. 
In June 1920, he was able to write to me that he had 85 to 90 per cent. 
of the matter done  ; and in August 1921, he sailed for Europe with his 
wife in order to give the book its finishing touches by a few months' work 
in Rome, in which I was looking forward to being associated- with him, and 
especially to discussing the many problems which could only be examined 
on the spot, and settling the line which should be taken in regard to the 
adoption of one solution or another. A sudden illness, however, overtook 
him on the voyage, and in twenty-four hours he was dead. Mrs. Platner 
lost no time in placing the typescript in my hands for completion and 
preparation for press : and I accept unreservedly the entire responsibility 
for the long delay that has occurred in its publication, which has of necessity 
made my own task considerably heavier. Besides completing the work as 
it was handed to me by the compilation (i) of the articles on aqueducts, 
gates, and roads, which had been allotted to me from the first, (2) of a 
'number of important and difficult articles relating especially to the Forum 
and Palatine, such as Basilica Aemilia, Comitium, Curia, Domus Augustiana, 
Domus Aurea, Forum Romanum, Palatinus Mons, Rostra, etc., which 
Professor Platner had obviously intended to write during or after his visit 
to Rome (for no drafts of them were in existence), I felt bound to check the 
whole text carefully, verify all the references, and add such additional 
information as I myself possessed or as came to light subsequently. As a 
result, my own share in the work may now be estimated at from 20 to 
25 per cent. On the other hand, it is no inconsiderable advantage, I think, 
that I have been able to include references to a number of important works 
that have appeared in the interval, such as Professor H&uumul;sen's <i>Chiese di 
Roma</i>, which he was good enough to allow me to see in proof. But that is 
the least part of the debt of gratitude that is due to Professor Hiilsen. 
He has read the book through twice, in slip and in page proof, and has 
made a very large number of most valuable suggestions, which, where
they have not yet found their way into print, are quoted by his name. In 
this way the veteran scholar, whose seventieth birthday we celebrate 
to-day, has paid the best tribute in his power to the memory of the late 
Professor Platner, whose esteem for him was shown by the dedication of 
his <i>Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome</i>, the first edition of which 
dates from 1904, <i>Christiano Huelseno Topographiae urbis Romae Antiquae 
magistro peritissimo</i>. Personally, I cannot find words to express my 
indebtedness to one who, with Professor Lanciani, has been my master 
in Roman Topography for over thirty years. </p>

<p>But my obligations do not end there. So truly had Professor Platner 
gauged the need for such a work that the news of its impending publication 
roused keen interest in the minds of many scholars : and no less than 
five more of them have been good enough to read through the proofs : 
Dr. Gilbert Bagnani, Professor Giuseppe Lugli (the author of <i>The Classical 
Monuments of Rome and its Vicinity</i>, vol. i. The `Zona Archaeolgica'), 
Mr. H. M. Last, Mrs. S. Arthur Strong, and Professor A. W. Van Buren. 
To all of them I offer my grateful thanks for the service which they have 
done to the book, and especially to the first named, who has compiled the 
' Chronological Index to Dateable Monuments ' which will be found at 
the end. </p>

<p>I am much indebted to Mr. I. A. Richmond for various suggestions in 
regard to the Aurelian walls and their gates. His forthcoming work on 
the subject, <i>The City Wall of Imperial Rome</i>, which I have had the advantage 
of seeing in MS., will treat of the subject in full detail. </p>

<p> No attempt has been made to distinguish Professor Platner's original 
text from any alterations or additions that have been made to it. I must, 
however, assume full responsibility for the footnotes and addenda, and in 
these the rare divergencies of opinion between us are indicated, sometimes, 
but seldom, by the addition of my initials. </p>

<p>But even with all the help I have received, and despite the time and care 
that has been bestowed on proof correction by others besides myself, I 
cannot pretend that a work so full of quotations and references, a mass of 
minute detail, can possibly be free from numerous errors. And with a 
view of inviting the help of scholars towards making the work more perfect, 
it has been arranged that copies should be obtainable interleaved at a 
slight additional cost : so that, if the book ever attains the distinction of a 
second edition, it may be made more useful by enlisting the aid of as many 
students of the subject as are willing to co-operate. </p>

<p>Finality, and even completeness, in such a subject as the present is 
of course an impossible ideal. To take only a single instance, the serious 
student of topography is greatly handicapped by the lack of scientific reports 
on the great bulk of the excavations conducted on the Forum and on the 
Palatine by the late Commendatore Giacomo Boni during the past twenty 
years : and though the publication of his results has been placed in the 
hands of a competent commission, which has appointed Professor Alfonso 
Bartoli to undertake the task, it will of necessity take a considerable time. 
Nor is the formation of a new plan of Rome a profitable enterprise at the 
present moment. The Marble Plan of Rome, which was provisionally put 
together by the efforts of  Hiilsen and Lanciani for the Historical Congress 
of 1903,<sup>1</sup> is now being subjected to a thorough study by a competent com-
mittee, of which the former is a prominent member. Further excavation 
is necessary, in order to make sure that no further fragments are hidden 
beneath the mass of debris that covers the south-east corner of the Forum 
Pacis (see p. 387), and without their aid, it may be difficult to gain a great 
amount of additional information. But until the attempt has been made, 
the revision of Lanciani's great plan, the Forma Urbis Romae, published 
in 1893-1901, cannot be satisfactorily undertaken.<sup>2</sup> In this connexion 
I may perhaps be allowed to express the earnest hope that the publication 
of the <i>Storia degli Scavi</i> of Lanciani, which now goes as far as the death 
of Clement VIII (Aldobrandini) in 1605, may soon be continued. </p>

<p>From the considerations adduced, it will be clear that the moment is 
not yet ripe for a general treatise on the topography of the city, nor indeed 
would such an undertaking be advisable for a considerable time. </p>

<p>Mrs. Platner has throughout taken the keenest interest in the preparation 
of the work for press, and its publication at a price within the reach of 
students would not have been possible without the liberal subvention 
which she has placed at the disposal of the Delegates of the Press. </p>

<p> For the illustrations themselves I have to record my obligations to 
Messrs. Allyn and Bacon, of Boston, U.S.A., the publishers of Professor 
Platner's earlier work, who have generously supplied electrotypes from the 
original blocks which figured in that work ; and to the Italian Ministry of 
Public Instruction, the German Archaeological Institute, the Director of 
the Victoria and Albert Museum, Miss D. L. Blaisdell, Miss Dora E. Bulwer, 
the late Mr. W. A. Casson, Mr. Percival Hart, the late Mr. J. H. Ten Eyck 
Burr, and the firms of Alinari and Anderson of Rome, for various photo-
graphs which they have kindly permitted me to reproduce.<sup>3</sup> But when all 
is said and done, it is to Professor Platner that the work owes its inception 
and the greater part of its execution : and it may fairly be hoped that its 
usefulness to students will be such that it will long keep his memory alive 
even among those who had not the great privilege of his friendship. What 
that meant to his colleagues is well expressed in the <i>Memorial adopted by 
the Faculty of Adelbert College of Western Reserve University</i>, of which he had 
been for thirty-six years a member, which aptly closes with the words : 
<i>Quis desiderio sit pudor aut modus tam cari capitis ?</i><sup>4</sup></p>


<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;T. A.</p> 
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>November 29th</i>, 1928.</p>


<p>1 See <i>Atti del  Congresso di Scienze Storiche</i>, (1907), i. 112 ; DAP 2. xi. 119, 120.</p> 
<p>2 Cf. Rendiconti dei Lincei, 1912, 107.</p>
<p>3 See the lists, pp. xi-xiii. Several of them were taken some time since, and have been 
purposely selected as being more interesting. </p>
<p>4 Much of the foregoing has appeared in the <i>Atti del I Congresso Nazionale di Studi 
Romani</i>, held at Rome in April 1928.</p>


<H1>NOTE</H1>
<p>THE method of quotation from periodicals is that followed by Professor 
Platner himself in his earlier work, but many other abbreviations have been 
introduced ; and, in order to effect a further saving in space, the names of 
the authors of articles have as a rule been omitted.<sup>1</sup> Further, it has not 
been thought necessary to refer to the accounts of the same discovery in 
both the <i>Notizie degli Scavi</i> and the <i>Bullettino  Comunale</i>, except when (as 
sometimes happens) one account tacitly corrects or supplements the other, 
so that scholars cannot safely refrain from consulting both.<sup>2</sup> While I am 
on this subject, I may remark that those writers who introduce new and 
more accurate modes of subdivision or quotation often display singularly 
little consideration for the convenience of students. Thus Schreiber, in 
his republication of Vacca's <i>Memorie</i>,<sup>3</sup> quite correctly divides No. 60 into 
two parts : but instead of calling the second half No. 60a, he starts a new 
numbering for the later <i>Memorie</i>, without adding a comparative numbering 
in the margin, which causes the greatest inconvenience to those students 
who are not fortunate enough to possess a copy of his article. In the 
text I have given Fea's numbering (<i>Miscellanea</i>, i. 52 <i>sqq</i>.) and Schreiber's 
in brackets where it differs.<sup>4</sup></p>
<indent val="3">
<p>1 This has not been done with any idea of denying to their authors the credit that is 
fairly due to them : but, in order to meet the criticism brought by Cantarelli against 
Professor Platner in regard to this matter (BC 1905, 286 ; 1911, 307), it may be pointed 
out that it would have been necessary, for consistency's sake, to give the names of the 
writers of articles in encyclopaedias such as DE, DS, and RE, which would have added 
still further to the bulk of what is already a quite sufficiently large and costly volume.</p>

<p>2 See my remarks in PBS iii. 3, 4, 41, n. 2. </p>

<p>3 <i>S&auml;chsische Berichte</i>, 1881, 43 sqq. </p>

<p>4 As an instance where I have myself been led into confusion I may refer to the <i>Catalogue 
of the Museo Capitolino</i>, where on p. 21 the numbering is Fea's, and on p.38 Schreiber's.</p>
<indent val="1">

<p>It should be remembered that, even if the methods used in the older 
books are erroneous and require gradual supersession, the student may lose 
a good deal of valuable time if they are not at first retained as well as the 
new ones.</p>

<p>It is, for instance, a great pity that both Jordan and Urlichs should in 
the same year have published the text of the Mirabilia, with a slightly 
different numbering of the chapters. I have in this case followed the 
former. </p>

<p>Nor does it often happen that authors who publish second editions of 
their works are considerate enough to give the paging of the first in the 
margin. Wissowa's Religion  and Kultus der Romer is one of the works 
which has given me most trouble in the preparation of the present 
book.<sup>1</sup></p>
<indent val="3">
<p>1 I must express my own regret that I have not inserted references to Dessau's invaluable  <i>Inscriptions Latinae Selectae</i> throughout, as well as to CIL. </p>
<indent val="1">

<p>And there are other aids to students which are urgently needed. I 
myself feel that it might have been useful to add to the present work a list 
of the false denominations of the buildings of Rome$mdash;of those names which 
have been current from Renaissance times or even earlier,<sup>2</sup> and which, 
though now demonstrably incorrect, will yet be found in many of the 
books, especially those of a century or two back, which may fall into the 
hands of the advanced scholar. Certainly the need is even greater in regard 
to works of art : for, if modern criticism has discovered that a statue 
which, for example, has been known from the sixteenth century up to the 
last few years as an Antinous, is in reality an Apollo, one may search in 
vain for it under its old and commonly current denomination in the index 
to any museum catalogue. Of course, on the other hand, I have no desire 
to encourage the uncritical acceptance of these rejected appellations. For 
example, the existence of a temple of Juno Martialis near the Forum is 
maintained by Pichler (Numism. Zeitschr. v. (1873) 92-101), who is followed 
by Bernhart (<i>Handbuch zur M&uuml;nzkunde</i>, 126) : but the assertion that it was 
in Rome is made by no better an authority than the so-called Sextus Rufus 
(Richter 9). It is a pity that a presumably up-to-date numismatic work 
(though Roman topography is not the author's strong point) should insert 
a statement which acts on so insecure an authority. </p>
<indent val="3">
<p>2 e.g. Palatium Decii, a name which comes from the interpolated <i>acta</i> of S. Lorenzo 
(cf. HJ 376 ; HCh 292). </p>
<indent val="1">

<p>As a contrast, Von Domaszewski's criticism of the topographical 
allusions in the <i>Scriptores Historiae Augustae</i> errs, perhaps, on the side of 
undue severity. I have generally quoted him in the several articles : but 
it may be worth while to refer to his discussion once more in a general way.<sup>3</sup> 
Whether he is right in considering all the biographies to be the work of a 
single author, who was the curator of a library known as the Bibliotheca 
Ulpia, situated in the thermae Traianae at Nemausus (N&icirc;mes), and posterior 
in date to the Gaulish poets of the sixth century A.D., may well be questioned. 
And he is certainly going too far in suggesting that all the topographical 
information which is not directly copied from other authors was taken from 
a commentator who had before him a plan of Rome<sup>4</sup> drawn under Antoninus 
Pius, on which the Aurelian Wall had later been added. But even Hohl, 
who sharply criticizes Von Domaszewski's views in regard to the date and 
composition of this work, is ready to allow ' that the articles on the topography 
of Rome, etc., contain many remarks on points of detail which 
deserve consideration.'<sup>1</sup></p>
<indent val="3">
<p>3 <i>Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Akademie</i>, 1916, Abh. 7, 15 ; 1917, Abh. 1 ; 1918, 
Abh. 6, 13 ; 1920, Abh. 6. An index of passages discussed, at the end of the last article, 
makes reference easy. </p>

<p>4 He adds that the author may even have had this plan before him in the porticus 
attached to the library!</p>

<p>1 <i>Bursian's Jahresbericht</i>, cc, 197. </p>
<indent val="1">

<p>An inevitable consequence of the adoption of the system of a dictionary 
has been the omission of such discoveries as cannot be associated with any 
building the ancient name of which is known to us. The most striking 
example is the house found near the Villa Farnesina, not far from the 
tomb of C. Sulpicius Platorinus, which has yielded to the Museo delle Terme 
the beautiful stuccoes and wall-paintings of the Augustan period which are 
among its chief  treasures.<sup>2</sup> These of course would have found their place 
in a complete topographical manual, which might also have on occasion 
gone beyond the Aurelian Wall, which has been taken as the general limit. 
On the other hand, I have made considerable additions to the list of <i>domus</i>, 
after going carefully through the inscriptions on lead pipes published in 
CIL xv. and have admitted far more names than Hiilsen had included in the 
<i>Nomenclator</i> attached to KH.</p>
<indent val="3">
<p>2 Paribeni <i>passim</i> (cf. esp. g. 186). Other examples will be found in NS 1922, 222-226, 
and BC 1926, 235-269.</p>
<indent val="1">

<p>I would add in explanation that when a pipe is found on the top of an 
isolated hill like the Capitol or Aventine, there is some considerable pre-
sumption that the building to which it led was not far off : while in regard 
to other pipes I have thought it worth while to add a number of names 
that had previously been omitted, even though they did not allow of the 
exact fixing of the site of the house. I should probably not have done this 
had CIL xv. been indexed. It may freely be admitted that a good many 
of the names entered under domus might as well have been placed under 
horti, especially those on pipes found on the right bank of the Tiber.</p>

<p>In the text, a star immediately after the name means that the Addenda 
et Corrigenda should be consulted.</p>

<H1>LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS</H1>
<dt>AA</dt><dd>Arch&auml;ologische Anzeiger, Berlin 1889-. (Appendix to Jahrbuch 
  des Instituts.) </dd>
<dt>AJA</dt><dd>American Journal of Archaeology. 1st series 1885-1896 ; 2nd series 
1897- .</dd>
<dt>AJP</dt><dd>American Journal of Philology. 1880-.</dd>
<dt>AL</dt><dd>Anthologia Latina (B&uuml;cheler and Riese). Leipzig 1894-1906. </dd>
<dt>Altm.</dt><dd>W. Altmann, Italische Rundbauten. Berlin 1906.</dd>
<dt>Ann. d. Inst.</dt><dd>Annali dell' Instituto di Corrispondenza Archeologica. Rome 1829-
  1885. </dd>
<dt>Ant. Denk.</dt><dd>Antike Denkm&auml;ler herausg. vom Deutschen Arch&auml;ologischen Institut. 
  Berlin 1887-.</dd>
<dt>Arm.</dt><dd>M. Armellini, Chiese di Roma (ed. 2). Rome 1891.</dd>
<dt>AR</dt><dd>Archiv fur Religionswissenschaft. Leipzig 1898- .</dd>
<dt>ASA</dt><dd>Anderson, Spiers, and Ashby. The Architecture of Ancient Rome. 
  London 1927.</dd>
<dt>ASRSP</dt><dd>Archivio della Society Romana di Storia Patria. Rome 1879- . </dd>
<dt>Atti</dt><dd>Atti del Congresso di Scienze Storiche (5903). Vol. V. Rome 1904 
(Boni).</dd>
<dt>BA</dt><dd>Bollettino d'Arte (Ministero della Pubblica Istruzione). Ser. i. 
  Rome 1907-1920 ; Ser. ii. Rome 1921- . (Cr. Cronaca delle 
  Belle Arti.) </dd>
<dt>Babelon.</dt><dd>E. Babelon, Monnaies de la Republique Romaine (ed. 2). 2 vols. 
  Paris 1885-6.</dd>
<dt>BC</dt><dd>Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma. 
   Rome 1872-.<sup>1</sup></dd>
<indent val="3">
<p>1 The first vol. began in Nov. 1872 and continued to the end of 1873.</p>
<indent val="1">
<dt>BCr</dt><dd>Bullettino di Archeologia Cristiana. Rome 1863-1923. See Rivista 
  di Archeologia Cristiana.</dd>
<dt>Besnier</dt><dd>M. Besnier, L'Ile Tiberine (Biblioth&egrave;que des &Eacute;coles Fran&ccedil;aises 
d'Ath&egrave;nes et de Rome, fasc. 87). Paris 1902.</dd>
<dt>BM. Rep.</dt><dd>British Museum. Catalogue of Coins of the Roman Republic. 3 vols. 
  London 1910. </dd>
<dt>BM. Aug., etc</dt><dd>British Museum. Catalogue of Coins of the Roman Empire. 
  Vol. I. London 1924.</dd>
<dt>Boyd</dt><dd>Boyd, Public Libraries in Rome. Chicago 1915.</dd>
<dt>BPW</dt><dd>Berliner Philologische Wochenschrift. Berlin 1881- (now called Philo-
  logische Wochenschrift).</dd>
<dt>Bull. d. Inst.</dt><dd>Bullettino dell' Instituto di Corrispondenza Archeologica. Rome 
   1829-1885.</dd>
<dt>Cap.</dt><dd>British School at Rome. Catalogue of the Museo Capitolino. Oxford 
1912. (Quoted by page number.)</dd>
<dt>CGL</dt><dd>Corpus Glossariorum Latinorum. Leipzig 1888-1923. </dd>
<dt>Chron.</dt><dd>Chronographus anni 354 in Monumenta Germaniae Historica Auct-
  orum Antiquissimorum. Vol. IX (ed. 2, Mommsen ; Chronica 
  Minora, i.) 143-148. Berlin 1892.</dd>
<dt>CIL</dt><dd>Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum.<sup>1</sup> Berlin 1863-</dd>
<indent val="3">
<p>1 CIL. i<sup>2</sup>.p.  refers to vol. i. part i. (the Fasti) ; CIL. i<sup>2</sup>. refers to vol. i. part ii. (the inscriptions).</p>
<indent val="1">
<dt>BCr</dt><dd>Bullettino di Archeologia Cristiana. Rome 1863-1923. See Rivista 
  di Archeologia Cristiana.</dd>
<dt>CJ</dt><dd>Classical Journal. Chicago 1905-</dd>
<dt>Cohen</dt><dd>H. Cohen, Monnaies frapp&eacute;es sous l'Empire. 2nd ed. 8 vols. Paris 
   1880-1892.</dd>
<dt>Cons.</dt><dd>British School of Rome. Catalogue of the Museo dei Conservatori. 
  Oxford 1926. (Quoted by page number.)</dd>
<dt>CP</dt><dd>Classical Philology. Chicago 1906-</dd>
<dt>CQ</dt><dd>Classical Quarterly. London 1907-</dd>
<dt>CR</dt><dd>Classical Review. London 1887-</dd>
<dt>CRA</dt><dd>Comptes Rendus de l'Acad&eacute;mie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres. 
  Paris 1857-</dd>
<dt>Cur.</dt><dd>Curiosum Urbis Romae Regionum XIV cum Breviariis suis ; one 
  form of the so-called Regionary Catalogue (the `Notitia' being 
  the other). See Preller, Regionen ; Jord. ii. 1-178, 546-582 ; 
   Richter, 371-391.</dd>
<dt>DAP</dt><dd>Dissertazioni dell' Accademia Pontificia. Ser. 1, Vols. I-XV, Rome 
1821-1880 ; Ser. 2, Vols. I-XV, Rome 1881-1923.</dd>
<dt>DE</dt><dd>Dizionario Epigrafico, pubblicato da E. De Ruggiero. Rome 1895-</dd>
<dt>D'Esp. Mon.</dt><dd>H. D'Espouy, Monuments Antiques. 3 vols. Paris 5906. And 
   Supplement 1923.</dd>
<dt>DMH</dt><dd>Descriptio Murorum Honoriana (the description of the walls of Rome 
  appended to the Einsiedeln Itinerary (see Fins.), published by 
  Jord. ii. 578-582, which is generally attributed to the time of 
   Honorius). </dd>
<dt>DR</dt><dd>E. de Ruggiero, Il Foro Romano. Rome 1913. </dd>
<dt>DS</dt><dd>Daremberg et Saglio, Dictionnaire des Antiquit&eacute;s. 6 vols. Paris 
   1887-1919. </dd>
<dt>DuP</dt><dd>Topographical Study in Rome in 1581 ; a series of views by &Eacute;tienne 
  Du P&eacute;rac (edited by T. Ashby for the Roxburghe Club, London 
   1916).</dd>
<dt>Durm</dt><dd>J. Durm, Baukunst der Romer. ed. 2. Stuttgart 1905.</dd>
<dt>EE</dt><dd>Ephemeris Epigraphica. Berlin 1872-</dd>
<dt>Eins.</dt><dd>Itinerarium Einsidlense (the Einsiedeln Itinerary) ; see Jord. ii. 
  329-356, 646-663 ; Lanciani in Mon. L. i. 437-552 ; Hulsen, 
  La Pianta di Roma dell' Anonimo Einsidlense, in DAP 2. ix. 
379-420 (whose text is followed).</dd>
<dt>Fest.</dt><dd>Festus (ed. Muller). Leipzig 1839. </dd>
<dt>FUR</dt><dd>Forma Urbis Romae Regionum XIV. ed. Jordan. Berlin 1874. </dd>
<dt>GA</dt><dd>Gazette Arch&eacute;ologique. Paris 1875-1889. </dd>
<dt>Gilb.</dt><dd>O. Gilbert, Geschichte and Topographie der Stadt Rom in Altertum. 
3 vols. Leipzig 1883-1890.</dd>
<dt>GMR</dt><dd>Guilielmus Malmsburiensis (William of ' Malmesbury), De numero 
  portarum et sanctis Romae in Rolls Series, Vol. II, 406-408. </dd>
<dt>GMU</dt><dd>Id. ed. Urlichs, Codex Topographicus Urbis Romae, 87-88.</dd>
<dt>Heemskerck</dt><dd>Die r&ouml;mische Skizzenb&uuml;cher Marten van Heemskercks (ed. H&uuml;lsen 
  and Egger). 2 vols. Berlin 1913-1916.</dd>
<dt>HC</dt><dd>Ch. H&uuml;lsen, The Roman Forum. Translated by Jesse Benedict 
   Carter. ed. 2. Rome 1909. </dd>
<dt>HCh</dt><dd>Ch. H&uuml;lsen, Le Chiese di Roma. Florence 1927.</dd>
<dt>HE</dt><dd> W. Helbig, F&uuml;hrer durch die &ouml;ffentlichen Sammlungen Roms, ed. 3 
        (revised by A.melung). 2 vols. Leipzig 1913. (Cited by numbers.) </dd>
<dt>HFP</dt><dd>Ch. Hulsen, The Forum and the Palatine (translated by H. H. 
        Tanzer). New York 1928.</dd>
<dt>HJ</dt><dd>H. Jordan, Topographie der Stadt Rom in Altertum. Vol. I, Part 3 
       (by Ch. Hulsen). Berlin 1906. </dd>
<dt>IG</dt><dd>Inscriptiones Graecae. Berlin. 1873- . </dd>
<dt>ILS</dt><dd>Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae. ed. Dessau. 3 vols. Berlin 1892-
         1916. </dd>
<dt>Jahrbb. d. Inst.</dt><dd>Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archaologischen Instituts. Berlin 
1886- </dd>
<dt>JHS</dt><dd> Journal of Hellenic Studies. London 1886- . </dd>
<dt>JP</dt><dd>Neue Jahrb&uuml;cher fur Philologie. Leipzig 1826- . </dd>
<dt>Jord.</dt><dd>H. Jordan, Topographie der Stadt Rom in Altertum. Vol. I, Parts 
     1, 2 ; Vol. II. Berlin 1871-1885. </dd>
<dt>JRS</dt><dd>Journal of Roman Studies. London 1911- .</dd>
<dt>Kehr</dt><dd>Kehr, Italia Pontificia. Berlin 1905- . </dd>
<dt>KH</dt><dd>Kiepert and H&uuml;lsen, Formae Urbis Romae Antiquae. ed. 2. Berlin 
      1912. </dd>
<dt>LA</dt><dd>R. Lanciani, I commentari di Frontino intorno agli acquedotti 
     (in Mem. L. 3. iv. 213 sqq.).</dd>
<dt>LD</dt><dd>R. Lanciani, The Destruction of Ancient Rome. London 1906. </dd>
<dt>LF</dt><dd>R. Lanciani, Forma Urbis Romae. Milan 1893-1901.</dd>
<dt>LP</dt><dd>Liber Pontificalis in Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Gesta Pont. 
    Rom. vol. i (ed. Mommsen). Part I (all published). Berlin 1898.</dd>
<dt>LPD</dt><dd>Liber Pontificalis. ed. Duchesne. 2 vols. Paris 1886. </dd>
<dt>LR</dt><dd>R. Lanciani, The Ruins and Excavations of Ancient Rome. London 
    and New York 1898. </dd>
<dt>LS</dt><dd>R. Lanciani, Storia degli Scavi di Roma. Vols. I-IV. Rome 1902-12. </dd>
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<indent val="3">
<p>1  An enlarged and revised translation by Dr. G. Bagnani under the title The Classical Monuments of Rome
and its Vicinity, Vol. I, The  "Zona Archeologica" has recently appeared.</p>
<indent val="1">

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