Memtest-86 is a very thorough stand-alone memory test for x86 and Pentium systems (and compatibles). It currently does 11 tests to fully determine whether you have faulty RAM or not.
Information regarding Project Releases and Project Resources. Note that the information here is a quote from Freecode.com page, and the downloads themselves may not be hosted on OSDN.
Enhanced CPU and cache detection to correctly identify Duron CPU and K6-III 1mb cache, new code to report cacheable memory size, limited support for parity memory (untested), support to allow use of on-line commands from a serial port (untested), removal of option for changing refresh rates, improved fatal exception reporting to include a register and stack dump, display of the pass number in the error report, and a fix for a bug that crashed the test when selecting one of the extended tests.