The Open Source Computer Vision Library has >2500 algorithms, extensive documentation and sample code for real-time computer vision. It works on Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Android and iOS.
Homepage: opencv.org Q&A forum: answers.opencv.org Documentation: docs.opencv.org
Please pay special attention to our tutorials! http://docs.opencv.org/doc/tutorials/tutorials.html
Books about the OpenCV are described here: http://opencv.org/books.html